Top Ten Muslim Countries Having Highest Muslim Population By Proportion

In the following article those muslim or Islamic countries are enlisted which have most muslims by proportion. As Saudi Arabia has 100% muslim population so it is ranked as the muslim country with highest muslim population by proportion.

	Saudi Arabia is the largest Muslim country of the world. It has an estimated population of 28 million having 100% Muslim population. Saudi Arabia is a Kingdom and about 8 million people are migrants from different countries of the world. Saudi Arabia is the center of Muslims as the mousoleum of Holy Prophet Mohammed (PBUH) is in this country.
	Afghanistan: The Islamic Republic of Afghanistan is a landlocked country in south-central Asia. Religiously, Afghans are over 99% Muslims and it ranked second most Muslim populated country by proportion. A 2009 UN estimate shows that the afghan population is 28,150,000 and at 249,984 sq. miles, Afghanistan is the world’s 41st largest country.
	Yemen:- Yemen, officially the Republic of Yemen is a country located on the Arabian Peninsula in southwest Asia. It has an estimated population of more than 23 million with 99% Muslim people. Yemen is just under 530,000 sq. km in land area.
	Algeria: it is a Muslim country located in North Africa. It is the largest country on the Mediterranean Sea having 99% of Muslim population. Therefore, it is the fourth largest Islamic country by proportion of muslims. Its size is almost 2,400,000 sq. km. with an estimated population of 35,000,000 people.
	Turkey:- Republic of turkey is a Eurasian country in western Asia. The predominant religion in Turkey is Islam having 99% Muslim population. So, Turkey is proportionately the fifth biggest country by muslim population. The total population of Turkey is comprised of 72,561,312 people.
	Maldives:- It is proportionately sixth Muslims country with most muslim, located in the Indian Ocean. The atolls of Maldives encompass a territory spread over roughly 90,000 sq. kilometers, with a population of 103,898 having 99% Muslims.
	Mauritania:- Officially the Islamic Republic of Mauritania, is a seventh Muslim country in western Africa. Its size is almost 1,030,700 sq. kilometers and total estimated population is 3,291,000 having 99% Muslim population.
	Bahrain:- Kindom of Bahrain is a small island country in the Persian Gulf ruled by the Al Khalifa royal family. Bahrain is proportionately 8th largest Muslim country by highest Muslim population, having 99% Muslims.
	Kuwait:- The state of Kuwait is a sovereign Arab emirate situated in the northeast of the Arabian Peninsula in western Asia. It covers an area of 20,000 sq. kilometer and has a population of about 3.0 million having 99% of Muslims.
	Somalia:- The Republic of Somalia, is a country located in the horn of Africa. Somalia is Tenth largest Muslim country by highest Muslim population. Somalia has a land area of 637,540 sq kilometer and its estimated population is 9,133,000 having 99% Muslims.

Political Party Of Pakistan, Top Ten 10 Best Or Largest Parties

Pakistan has a lots of political parties with different ideology. Their are religious, social, democratic or liberal political parties in Pakistan. Pakistan faces political uncertainties because shedoes not have strong two-party system. America and Great Britain is the perfect example of two-party system. This system strengthens the democratic norms in the country.

	Pakistan Peoples Party Parliamentarians (PPPP); Founded by Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto, Pakistan Peoples Party Parliamentarians (PPPP) is the only socialist party in Pakistan. PPP is the largest or biggest political party in Pakistan. It was founded in 1967 in the wake of Bhutto’s quital from Ayub Government. Now, PPP is the most popular party in Pakistan as declared by the Pakistani populace in 2008 general elections. It won 87 seats in national assembly.
	PML-N (Pakistan Muslim League Nawaz Group); Pakistan Muslim League (Nawaz Sharif Group)is the second largest party according to the seats won in national assembly in 2008 elections. PML was the founding party Pakistan. But the recent party is the successor of Pakistan Muslim League and it got the alphabet N in 1993 for its leader-Nawaz Sharif. It is becoming more and more popular in 2009 and 2010.
	PML_Q, Pakistan Muslim League (Quaid-e-Azam) Pakistan Muslim League (Quaid-e-Azam)was founded prior to 2002 elections by General Pervaiz Musharraf. In 2008 elections PML-Q was subsided to normal position as the main political parties came in contest. It won only 38 seats in National Assembly. PML-Q is losing its support quickly as some of its members established their own party with the name of PML-F (Forward Group). Also one of its members-Sheikh Rashid- established his own party with the name of Awami League.
	MQM (Muttahidda Quomi Movement); MQM(Muttahidda Quomi Movement) is a liberal Karachi based political party founded in 1984. It is the successor of All Pakistan Muhajir Student Organization which was set up by Altaf Hussain in 1978. It is still run by Altaf Hussain who has settled himself in U.K. MQM is one of the most objectionable political party in the country because of its fascist political moves.
	ANP; ANP is the acronym for Awami National Party. The party belongs to N.W.F.P and it enjoys strong support in pakhtoon area. ANP was set up in 1986 and Asfandyar Wali Khan is the current leader of the party. The ideology of this political organization is based on socialism and Pashtun Nationalism.
	PML-F; PML-F stands for Pakistan Muslim League forward group. It is a recently invented version of Muslim League. It is comprised of those members of Muslim League-Q which withdrew their support after the defeat of Q league in 2008 elections. This group is expected to merge in Muslim League-N very soon.
	BNP (Balochistan National Party); BNP is the largest nationalist party in Balochistan. It is active since 1996. Ataullah Mengal is the current chairman of BNP. The political ideology of BNP is based on Baloch Nationalism and Progressivism.
	PTI (Tehrik-e-Insaf Pakistan) PTIis the political party which was established by a retired cricketer of Pakistan on 25 April,1996. “Justice, Humanity and Self Esteem” is the slogan of Pakistan Tehreek-e-Insaf. The ideology of PTI is Islamic Democracy. Imran Khan boycotted the elections of 2008 therefore he could not win any seat in national assembly.
	Awami League; Awami League is newly founded political party of Sheikh Rashid of Rawalpindi. Previously, Sheikh Rashid was the member of different political parties in Pakistan but after 2008 elections he founded his own political party with the name of Awami League.
	Jamat-e-Islami JIis a religious party of Pakistan which was founded by Syed Abdul A’la Maududi in 1941. The party believes in Islamic ideology. Recently the leader of this party is Syed Munawar Hassan. It was a part of now-defunct MMA (Mutahidda Majlis-e-Amal).

India Pakistan Relations History

History of India and Pakistan Relation.
Born out from the furnace of animosity, India and Pakistan, the twin brothers have a history of unique relations. There is much in common between Republic of India and Islamic Republic of Pakistan. The diplomatic relations developed soon after independence but these relations did not ensure good friendship. The blaming process started soon after the inception of Pakistan when during the world’s biggest mass migration both states were unable to provide security to minorities. At that time there were 680 princely states and their future was to be decided according to their own will. Junagadh and Kashmir are two of these states which are still a bone of contention between India and Pakistan. Junagadh was composed of 88% Hindu Majority with a Muslim ruler named Nawab Mahabat Khan. The ruler voted for Pakistan but India did not accept it on the plea of heavy Hindu majority. The other reason projected by India was that the state of Junagadh was encircled by Indian state and giving it to Pakistan would contradict the two nation theory. The stand of Pakistan was on the basis of the Muslim ruler and the maritime link of Pakistan with junagadh coastal line.
One the other hand, the ruler of Kashmir, Hair Singh, wanted to join India but the majority of Muslim population was in the favour of Pakistan. Maharaja Hair Singh made a “stand still agreement” with the Government of Pakistan. However, the rumoures spread in Pakistan that Mahraja Hari Singh was going to accede with India. The forces of Pakistan invaded in Kashmir in 1947 and Hari Singh asked India for help. Indian Armed forces violating the provision of their constitution entered into the jurisdiction of Kashmir. In 1957, Pakistan acquired Azad Kashmir and India captured state of Jammu and Kashmir. Both of these parts are being held by the same countries which occupied these states forcefully.

In 1965 India launched operation Meghdoot and captured 80% of Siachen Glacier. 1971 was a black year in the history of Pakistan as she lost its eastern wing as India intervened to favour Bengali people and seized the Qasim part. 90, 000 Pakistani soliders surrendered in Bangladesh. In July 1972 P.M India Gandhi and PM Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto met in Indian Hill station of Simla and signed an agreement to return 90, 000 Pak personnel, and that India would get its captured territory in the west. They also agreed that from then on, they would settle their disputes through peaceful bilateral negotiations. Eventually, the trade relation restarted in 1976 but the Afghan crisis of 1979 again disrupted the peaceful process started in 1976.
Pakistan supported Taliban and India favoured Soviet Union. India was also worried about US military aid to Pakistan, Pakistan’s purchase of arms from us and the advancement in her nuclear programme. The change in leadership brought a new era of relation between the two rivals. In Dec 1988 Benazir Bhutto Shaheed and Rajiv Gandhi resumed talks on different issues melding cultured exchange, civil aviation and not to attack each other nuclear facilities. At that time BB said.

“Burry the Hatchet; we have had enough of it. Let’s start a new chapter. India has a new generation leadership. Rajiv & I belong to a new generation. We have some kinship. He father was assassinated and so was my father. He lost his brother and so have I we both can start from clean state.”

In 1997, high level talks were resumed after 3 years. Prime Minister of India and Pakistan met twice and foreign secretaries conducted 3 rounds of talks in which they identified 8 outstanding issues to focuss. These 8 issues were

• Kashmir issue
• Water crisis
• Sir creek issue
• Rann of kutch
• MFN status
• Siachen issue
• State sponsored issue
• Nuclear Deterrence

In September 1997 the talks broke down on structural issue where as in May 1998 the situation became harder because of nuclear experiment conducted by Pakistan. The environment further became deplorable when Indian Air lines Flight IC 814 was hijacked in 24 Dec 1999. The plan landed in Lahore for refuelling but the final destination was Kandhar, Afghanistan. Rivalry increased when attack was conducted on Indian parliament on Dec 2001. India blamed Jash-e-Mohammad for that act. The Samjhota express carnage of 18th February 2007 added fuel to fire. The series of blaming each other started again where as Pakistan tried to project cordial relations.
In Nov, 2008, a series of ten co-ordinated attacks were committed by terrorist which began across Mumbai which is the Indian financial capital and the largest city. The attack was started on 26 November 2008 and ended on 29 November 2008. In these attacks 173 people were killed including 35 foreigner where as 38 were wounded. India blamed Lashkar-e-Taiba and gave evidences that weapon, candy wrappers, telephone sets and branded milk Packets used by the terrorists belonged to Pakistan. But it was also found that the terrorist were drunk as the Lashkar-e-Taiba elements did not drink, and were speaking Hyderabadi language. Additionally, Hermant Kurkure was the first man to be murdered in that attack. He was the man who was on the hit list of Indian Dons because he arrested General Parohit, who was the master mind of Samjhota Carnage. Another reason was that Obama Discussed to solve Kashmir issue to bring stability in the South Asian region. This attack was done to divert his attention. The lok sbha election could not be ignored as the current government needed the Pakistan card to flame the sentiments of Indian masses.
In spite of this deteriorated situation Pakistan did not give up to create friendly atmosphere. Currently, the government of India is not that much brutal. Recently Indian minister of state for external affairs said they were not worried about Pakistan purchasing of armaments but if these weapons will be used against India, they were ready to fight. In addition, Pakistan nukes were unsafe.
Bit recently the statement of Indian Army Chief Gen Deepak Kapoor regarding his army’s capacity to fight on two fronts, upset a lots of people in Pakistan. This also shows that there is a conflict of interest between Indian army and Indian Government.
India and Pakistan must work jointly to coeate a peaceful atmosphere. Sharing a long border with common geographic importance can increase to their worth if the joint venture is adopted

Oldest American Presidents: USA or United States Of America Top Ten 10

	Ronald Wilson Reagan (February 6, 1911– June 5, 2004) was the oldest president of United States of America. When he was elected as President in 1980 he was 69 years old. As 40th President of U.S.A he served from 1980 to 1989 for two terms. He was among the most popular and uncontroversial Presidents of United States Of America.
	William Henry Harrison (February 9, 1773 – April 4, 1841) was not only the second oldest Presidents of U.S.A but also he had shortest tenure as President in the history of United Sates. He was elected as 9th President of U.S.A at the age of 68 years on 4th March 1841 and died (due to cold desease) only after 31 days on 4th April 1841.
	James Buchanan, Jr. (April 23, 1791 – June 1, 1868) was elected as President of U.S.A in 1857 when he was 66 years old and remained in the office till 1861. Uptill now he is the only President from the state of Pennsylvania. American Civil War was started in his tenure and due to ineffecient efforts towards war he lost his popularity. He was the third oldest president after Ronald Reagan and William Harrison.
	George Herbert Walker Bush (born June 12, 1924) was the 41st President of U.S.A and he became the President at the age of 65. He ramained in the office from 1989 to 1993. He is famous for first Iraq war and his son G.W. Bush was elected as the 43rd President of U.S.A in 2000.
	Zachary Taylor (November 24, 1784 – July 9, 1850) became the 12th President of U.S.A in 1849 at the age of 65. He was American Military Leader and served in U.S Army for 40 years. This brave Military Leader was also known as “Old Rough and Ready” and played key role in Compromise of 1850. In 1850 he died only after 16 months of his Presidential term. It was suspected that he was poisened with arsenic but nothing was proved in this regard.
	Dwight David “Ike” Eisenhower (October 14, 1890 – March 28, 1969) was the Supreme Commander of Allied Forces during World War 2. He was among the oldest Presidents in the histroy of U.S.A because he was 63 years old when he became the President of U.S.A. This Five Star General of U.S.A Army remained the President of U.S.A. till 1961.
	Andrew Jackson (March 15, 1767 – June 8, 1845) was the founder of modern Democratic Party. He became the President of U.S.A at the age of 62 years in 1829. This 7th President of U.S.A was a tough leader and also served in American Army. His views were liberal as well as conservative and he was against slavery.
	John Adams, (October 30, 1735 – July 4, 1826) was one of the founding fathers of U.S.A and he was also the first Vice President of U.S.A. (1789 – 1797). When he became the 2nd President of U.S.A. in 1797 he was 62 years old. During the American War of Independence he played very important role along with George Washington.
	Gerald Rudolph Ford, Jr (July 14, 1913 – December 26, 2006) became 38th President of U.S.A in 1974. He was 61 years of age when he became the President. G.R. Ford was the only President of U.S.A who was neither elected as Vice President or President because he became the Vice President under 25th Amendment of U.S. Constitution and became President when Richard Nixon resigned.
	Harry S. Truman (May 8, 1884 – December 26, 1972) remained the President of U.S.A from 1945 to 1953. He was the 33rd President of U.S.A. and also one of the oldest Presidents of country because he was 61 years old when he entered in the White House as a President. He is considered as one of the greatest U.S. Presidents because he reconstructed the econmy of U.S.A after the destruction of World War 2.

Pakistani Women: Best Political, Human Rights And Social Workers

	Fatima Jinnah 30, 1893 — July 8, 1967 Mather-e-Millat (Mother of Nation) is the most famous and noncontroversial lady in the history of Pakistan. As a younger sister of Quaid-e-Azam she played very important role in the Pakistan Movement. She was also famous for her struggle against Ayub Khan in Presidential election of 1965. Mohtarma also contributed in the Pakistan movement with her brother-Quaid-e-Azam.
	Benazir Bhutto (21 June 1953 – 27 December 2007 She is the most celebrated political figure in history of Pakistani Politics. She was the first female Prime Minister of Pakistan and re-elected for the post of Prime Minister of Paksitan in 1993. She won United Nation Prize in field of Human Rights in year 2007 and same year on 27 December she was assasinated in Liaquat Bag Rawalpindi. Benazir wrote a book on her life which is named as “Daughter Of Pakistan”.
	Begum Rana Liaquat Ali Kha-1905 – June 13, 1990 She was the first Muslim women Governer and first muslim women delegate to UN , she was marreid with Liaquat Ali Khan in 1932. She was also the Frist Mulsim woman to won UN award for Human Rights in 1970. This brilliant lady played very important role in Pakistan Movement and after creation of Pakistan she worked hard for the welfare and betterment of the women of Pakistan.
	Syeda Abida Hussain She is the most experienced female politician of Paksitan. Syeda belongs to PPP and served many times as Minister in different Governments. She also served as Ambassadar of Pakistan to United States. Her husband is a famous politicain named as Fakher Imam. She is active member of SHIA community in Pakistan.
	Fahmida Mirza She is not only the first woman Speaker of National Assembly of Pakistan but also the first Muslim woman Speaker in National Assembly in the Mulsim World. She belongs to SINDH (Hyderabad) and doctor by profession. She belongs to PPP and intersting thing about her is that by face she resembles with Benazir Bhutto.
	Bano Qudsia A popular literary figure in Pakistan. She is the most celebrated writer of urdu literature. Mostly, she is famous in darama writing for TV and Radio. Auther of many books among which Raja Gidh is best seller in Pakistan, Bano is a prolific “Afsana” writer. She born in 1928 and married with famous writer Ashfaq Ahmad. She is still the best female writer in Pakistan.
	Begum Nasim Wali Khan: She is famous political leader of NWFP, one of the smallest province of Pakistan. She married with Khan Abdul Wali Khan in 1954 and since then she is an active politician. She is step mother of Asfand Wali Khan. She belongs to Awami National Party (ANP). Begum Jee also served as President of ANP and Parliamentary leader in provincial assembly of NWFP.
	Asma Jahingir is a prominent Human Right Activist and lawyer who born in 1952. She won many awards for her work in the field of Human Rights and faced many threats because of his social work. She also serverd as UN special Reporter for Human Rights in Pakistan. Owner of a linient personality, Asma is very for her demeanour.
Photo Not Available	Nigar Ahmad is very active social worker and works for the Aurut Foundation (a women rights organization in Pakistan). She completed her Masters degree from Punjab University and completed higher studied in Cambridge University. She is also a scholar of common wealth. She is helping the women of Pakistan in all matters through her pen and actions.
	Parveen Shakir November 24, 1952 – December 26, 1994 She is prominent poet of Pakistan and her work in literature and poetry awarded her Pride of Performance Award which is most prestigious award of Pakistan. Her first volume of poetry named “Khushbo” in 1976 was a great success. The element of Romanticism is very prominent in her poetry. Unfortunately she died in car accident in 1994.

Pakistan Education: Problems And Solutions Of Pakistan Education

Education is considered as the cheapest defence of a nation. But the down trodden condition of education in Pakistan bears an ample testimony of the fact that it is unable to defend its own sector. Though 62 years have been passed and 23 policies and action plans have been introduced yet the educational sector is waiting for an arrival of a saviour. The government of Pervaiz Musharraf invested heavily in education sector and that era saw a visible positive educational change in Pakistani society. Now a days, the economic situation in Pakistan is under stress and education is the worse effected sector in Pakistan. The Constitution of Islamic Republic of Pakistan says,

“The state of Pakistan shall remove illiteracy and provide free and compulsory secondary education within minimum possible period.”

In Human development Report Pakistan is placed at 136th position for having just 49.9% educated populace. The primary completion rate in Pakistan, given by Date Center of UNESCO, is 33.8% in females and 47.18% in males, which shows that people in the 6th largest country of the world are unable to get the basic education. There are many basic issues which are responsible for this problem in Pakistan. Firstly, the educational system of Pakistan is based on unequal lines. Medium of education is different in both, public and private sector. This create a sort of disparity among people, dividing them into two segments. Secondly, regional disparity is also a major cause. The schools in Balochistan(The Largest Provice Of Pakistan By Area) are not that much groomed as that of Punjab (The Largest Provice Of Pakistan By Population). In FATA, the literacy rate is deplorable constituting 29.5% in males and 3% in females. Thirdly, the ratio of gender discrimination is a cause which is projecting the primary school ratio of boys & girls which is 10:4 respectively. For the last few years there has been an increase in the growth of private schools. That not only harms the quality of education but create a gap among haves and have nots. Fourthly, the lack of technical education is a biggest flaw in the educational policy that has never been focused before. Therefore, less technical people means less . Fifthly, the allocation of funds for education are very low. It is only 1.5 to 2.0 percent of the total GDP. It should be around 7% of the total GDP. Sixthly, the teachers in government schools are not well trained. People who donot get job in any other sector, they try their luck in educational system. They are not professionally trained teachers so they are unable to train a nation. Finally, Poverty is also another factor that restrict the parents to send their children to public or private schools. So, they prefer to send their children to madressahs where education is totally free.

Recently, minister of education announced a new Education policy for that next 10 years. The interesting thing is that the previous educational policy from 1998 to 2010 is still not expired. Although it is projected to give new plans and to make more promises with the nation. It is said in this policy that all the public schools will be raised upto the level of private schools. No plan of action have been discussed, yet a notice is issued to private schools to induct government course in 5th and 8th class and these classes will bound to take board exams. This disturbed the students of private sector also.

Solutions for Educational System: Estimating the value of education, the Government should take solid steps on this issue. Implementation instead of projecting policies, should be focused on. Allocation of funds should be made easy from provinces to districts and then to educational institutes. Workshops must be arranged for teachers. Foreign states are using LSS system. This should be inducted in Pakistani schools to improve the hidden qualities of children. Technical education must be given to all the classes. The education board of Punjab have projected a plan to give tech- education to the children of industrial workers. Promotion of the primary education is the need of time. Teachers, professors and educationists should be consulted while devising any plan, syllabus or policy. The state seems to give up her responsibility and totally relying on private sector. The need of time is to bring education in its original form to masses. Burdening a students with so much books will not work as he will not understand what the world is going to do next moment. Education is the only cure of the destability in the state and can bring revolution through evolution, by eradicating the social evils.

Health Care in Pakistan: Problems Or Issues With Solutions

Health care in Pakistan

Pakistan is the 6^th largest state of the world having a huge flux of population living in rural and urban areas. The Federal Government of Pakistan after taking her due share from NFC award promise to fulfil the four major objectives i.e security, education, health and sanitation. Unfortunately, only 1.5% of entire budget is allocated to health and sanitation which is insufficient. Secondly, the sanitary condition are deplorable and the stagnant water absorb 150 feet in the soil mixing up with clean water, which is spreading severe diseases. Owing to this poor sanitary condition W.H.O projected the idea of oral polio vaccination.

Additionally, the number of doctors is less to tackle the problems of health. In Punjab only 1400 doctors qualify every year where as statistics show that every year 70, 000 babies born in Punjab.

The infrastructure is undeveloped. The basic health units in rural areas are not equipped enough to better the falling health of rural populace. If there are well equipped hospitals, the availability of doctors is not ensured. Glaringly, the quaks are performing in every nook and corner of the country without any fear of accountability. The medicine companies are indulge in minting money with the help of dishonest doctor, consequently killing many people. Less attention is given to sterilize the tools and transfer of blood without disease. Because of the religious myths and cultural barriers less attention is given to female health which results in the increment of MMR and TMR.

Apart from medical sector, the industrial sector is also adding fuel to the fire. They don’t have any proper way of wasting the waste material of their industrial units. They are increasing the pollution without any single thought of health hazards. No measures have been taken to eradicate the problems of pollution or to deal with such industries.

Agriculture sectors is also indulge in the same practices unaware of the gloomy side of fertilizers and pesticides, which are being used by the uneducated farmers. This causes an alarming situation of skin problems in rural areas together with disturbing the eco-system. Lack of re-creation facilities let them to have only conjonal re-creation that results in surging the population, which is not taken proper care because of low income.

Focussing on the golden rule of “Health is wealth”, the government of Pakistan should take appropriate measures for the betterment of health facilities in Pakistan. There should be strong policies with accurate implementation. The awareness programmes should be managed to let the people know about the problems and remedies. Their should be a strong determination for cleaning the surroundings of the rural as well as urban populace. From domestic to international level, a healthy society can fight against the evils of society and let the people free from the cluthes of ignorance.